Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation of the lining of your digestive tract. Crohn’s disease most commonly affects the end of the small intestine, or the terminal ileum. Sometimes, the entire digestive tract (regional enteritis) is affected. Crohn’s disease is a chronic condition and can be hereditary. Though painful and, at times, debilitating, the symptoms of Crohn’s disease can be greatly reduced with proper medical and surgical care. Learn more about Crohn’s disease.
Symptoms of Crohn’s Disease
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Crohn’s disease symptoms can be mild or severe, and symptoms may arise suddenly, without warning. You may also have periods of remission when you have none of the following symptoms:
- Abdominal pain and cramping
- Bloating
- Diarrhea (sometimes bloody)
- Rectal bleeding
- Reduced appetite and weight loss
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Joint pain
- Anal fissures
Diagnosis of Crohn’s Disease
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People who have chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss and anemia may be examined for signs of Crohn’s disease. In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures may include:
- Blood tests
- Stool culture
- Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (also called EGD or upper endoscopy)
- Colonoscopy
- Biopsy
- Upper GI (gastrointestinal) series (also called barium swallow)
- Lower GI (gastrointestinal) series (also called barium enema)
Learn more about diagnostic tests and procedures for Crohn’s disease.
Treatment for Crohn’s Disease
There is no cure for Crohn’s disease but treatment can help control symptoms. Treatment may include:
Lifestyle and Medical Treatment
- Drug therapy
- Diet
- Supplements
- Feeding through a vein
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Learn more about medical treatment for Crohn’s disease.
Surgical Treatment
Colon and rectal surgeons at BWH have advanced training in diagnosing and treating Crohn’s disease, and use minimally invasive techniques that speed healing and preserve healthy bowels. Our board certified surgeons work closely with a multidisciplinary team of medical colleagues.
Surgical treatment includes:
- Drainage of abscesses or removal of a section of bowel
- Ostomy Part of the intestines is removed, and a new method for stool release is created. The surgery to create the new opening is called ostomy, and the new opening is a stoma.
- Ileostomy The colon and rectum are removed and the bottom part of the small intestine (ileum) is attached to the stoma.
- Colostomy A surgically-created opening in the abdomen through which a portion of the colon is brought up to the surface of the skin. Sometimes a temporary colostomy may be performed when part of the colon has been removed and the rest of the colon needs to heal.
Learn more about surgical treatment for Crohn’s disease.
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