After vaccination

What is normal after vaccination?

Some people may experience side effects, or adverse events, after getting a vaccine. Usually these are mild and go away on their own after 2-3 days.

Babies and infants

After a baby or an infant gets a vaccine, they may experience some mild and temporary side effects:

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• slightly unsettled and cry a little more than usual
• tiredness for a day or two
• mild diarrhoea or a few vomits after the oral Rotarix vaccine which sometimes may last up to a week. You can get more information about Rotarix vaccination here.
• slightly red, itchy or sore legs or arm for a day or two
• a small lump at the injection site. This may last for a few weeks. This usually does not require any treatment.
• feel hot and have a temperature >38 degrees
• a rash after MMR or chicken pox vaccine. This rash is not contagious.

Older children and adults

After an older child or an adult gets a vaccine, they may experience some mild and temporary side effects:

• headache and tiredness for a day or two
• slightly red, itchy or sore arm for a day or two
• a small lump at the injection site. This may last for a few weeks. This usually does not require any treatment.

What you can do to help

Babies and infants

• They may need to be cuddled and comforted more often.
• They may need more frequent breast feeds or drinks throughout the day.
• They can be given a bath as normal.
• If the injection site is red and warm to touch, you can put a cool wet cloth (not an ice pack) on their leg or arm.
• If your baby feels hot, do not wrap them in too many blankets or clothes.

Although routine use of paracetamol or ibuprofen after immunisations is not recommended, if your baby has a fever (temperature over 38 degrees) or is in pain, you can give paracetamol or ibuprofen. Follow the directions on the bottle.

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You can get more information about fever here.

Older children and adults

• If allowed, they can have paracetamol or ibuprofen if their arm is sore. Follow the directions on the packaging.
• If the injection site is red and warm to touch, you can put a cool wet cloth (not an ice pack) on their arm.
• It really helps to keep moving the arm after an immunisation so they can still play sport that day.
• It is ok to have a shower after an immunisation.
• They should keep drinking plenty of oral fluids, preferably water.

When to see a doctor

You or your child need to see a doctor if:

• paracetamol or ibuprofen is not relieving the fever, particularly for babies and infants
• your baby has sudden unusual screaming episodes with vomiting or blood in the bowel motion
• your symptoms are not improving or getting worse.

COVID-19 vaccines

Like other vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines can also cause side effects. Usually these are mild and go away without treatment in 1-2 days. The COVID-19 vaccines currently being used in Australia are Comirnaty (Pfizer), Spikevax (Moderna) and Nuvaxovid (Novavax). The most common side effects for these vaccines include:

• pain at the injection site
• tiredness
• headache
• muscle pain
• chills
• joint pain
• fever.

Sometimes these flu-like side effects can mean that people struggle to carry out their usual activities for a day or so. It is important to adequately rest as needed after a COVID-19 vaccine. For more detailed information about the side effects of each vaccine, refer to:

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After your COVID-19 vaccination – Department of Health and Aged Care

Related pages:

NCIRS COVID-19 vaccines: Frequently asked questions

COVID-19 vaccination program in Australia

Sharing Knowledge About Immunisation

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