What are Cervical Polyps?
Cervical polyps are small, finger-like growths growing from the cervix. They usually appear on the cervical canal where it opens into the vagina. They vary in size and are generally cherry-red to reddish-purple or grayish-white.
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Cervical polyps are usually benign (not cancerous) and can occur alone or in groups. They may appear as a symptom of chronic inflammation or an infection of the cervix.
Most polyps are small, about 1-2 centimeters long. Because rare types of cancer can look like polyps, all polyps should be removed and examined for signs of cancer.
How are polyps diagnosed?
Polyps are easy for our doctor to see during a routine pelvic examination, which will include a pap test/pap smear.
There are two types of cervical polyps: ectocervical and endocervical.
Ectocervical polyps usually happen on the outer surface layer of cells on the cervix. The most common type of cervical polyp, endocervical polyps arise from the cervical glands. Postmenopausal women are more likely to have ectocervical polyps, and premenopausal women are more likely at risk for endocervical polyps.
If Dr. Aliabadi finds any growths or polyps on the cervix, she’ll take a tissue sample for biopsy. A lab will examine the tissue sample to check for any unusual changes or signs of cancer. Results usually show benign polyp cells. In rare cases, abnormal cells or precancerous patterns of growth known as neoplastic changes may be present.
What are the symptoms of cervical polyps?
Many times, cervical polyps have no symptoms at all. But in some cases, cervical polyps cause abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially:
- After vaginal intercourse
- After douching
- Between periods
- Post-menopause
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Polyps may also cause vaginal discharge and heavy periods.
What are the risk factors for cervical polyps?
The cause of cervical polyps is not well understood, but they are associated with inflammation of the cervix. They may also result from a build-up in the cervical blood vessels or an abnormal response to increases in estrogen levels.
Inflammation of the cervix — which can increase your risk of polyps — can be caused by:
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HPV
- Yeast infections
- Pregnancy, miscarriage, and abortion
If you believe you are experiencing symptoms of, or suffering from Cervical Polyps, or have questions about it, please see your doctor. We also invite you to establish care with Dr. Aliabadi. Please click here to make an appointment or call us at (844) 863- 6700.
How are cervical polyps treated?
Dr. Aliabadi generally won’t remove cervical polyps unless they cause symptoms or you have a high risk of cervical cancer. Cervical polyps do not necessarily need to be treated unless they are large, causing abnormal bleeding, interfering with menstruation or fertility, or appear to be infected.
A polypectomy (polyp removal) is a simple outpatient procedure that we can perform in our office with minimal pain.
A polyp may be removed during a routine pelvic exam. Using fingers or forceps, our doctor can gently twist the polyp at its base and detach it from the cervical tissue. She’ll then apply a solution to the site to stop any bleeding.
Other removal methods for cervical polyps include:
- Tying a surgical string around the base of the polyp and cutting it away
- Using ring forceps to remove the polyp
Methods to destroy the base of the polyp include the use of:
- Liquid nitrogen
- Electrocautery ablation, which involves using an electrically heated needle
- Laser surgery
Larger polyps are sometimes too large to remove in a doctor’s office. If this is the case, you may need to have surgery to remove the cervical polyp in a hospital or surgery in a hospital or surgery center.
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Sometimes, cervical polyps will disconnect from the cervix on their own. This can occur while a woman is menstruating or during sexual intercourse and is perfectly normal.
What to expect after cervical polyp removal?
You may experience brief, mild pain during the removal of the polyps and mild to moderate cramps for a few hours afterward. This is totally normal. You may also have spotting for a couple of days after polyp removal.
Have questions about your health? Talk to Dr. Aliabadi
Dr. Aliabadi and her compassionate team are experts in women’s health care. When you’re treated by Dr. Aliabadi, you’re guaranteed to feel safe, heard, and well cared for.
Dr. Aliabadi has been an OB/GYN for over 20 years and is board-certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology. With more than two decades of happy patients to vouch for her, you can be sure you’re being treated by a doctor with a long track record of success and patient safety.
We invite you to establish care with Dr. Aliabadi. Please make an appointment online or call us at (844) 863-6700.
The practice of Dr. Thais Aliabadi and the Outpatient Hysterectomy Center is conveniently located for patients throughout Southern California and the Los Angeles area. We are near Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, Santa Monica, West Los Angeles, Culver City, Hollywood, Venice, Marina del Rey, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, and Downtown Los Angeles.
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Sources
Cooper, N. A. M., Clark, T. J., Middleton, L., Diwakar, L., Smith, P., Denny, E., … & Daniels, J. (2015, March 23). Outpatient versus inpatient uterine polyp treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding: Randomised controlled non-inferiority study. BMJ, 350, h1398https://www.bmj.com/content/350/bmj.h1398.full
Salim, S., Won, H., Nesbitt-Hawes, E., Campbell, N., & Abbott, J. (2011, September-October). Diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps: A critical review of the literature [Abstract]. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, 18(5), 569-581https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465011002573
If you have symptoms of, or suffer from, a cervical condition such as Cervical Polyps, please talk to your doctor. We also invite you to establish care with Dr. Aliabadi. Please click here to make an appointment or call us at (844) 863- 6700.
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