Stage I or II sores will often heal if cared for carefully. Stage III and IV sores are harder to treat and may take a long time to heal. Here’s how to care for a pressure sore at home.
Relieve the pressure on the area.
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- Use pillows, foam cushions, booties, or mattress pads to reduce the pressure. Some pads are water- or air-filled to help support and cushion the area. What type of cushion you use depends on your wound and whether you are in bed or in a wheelchair. Talk with your health care provider about what choices would be best for you, including what shapes and types of material.
- Change positions often. If you are in a wheelchair, try to change your position every 15 minutes. If you are in bed, you should move or be moved about every 2 hours.
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Care for the sore as directed by your provider. Keep the wound clean to prevent infection. Clean the sore every time you change a dressing.
- For a stage I sore, you can wash the area gently with mild soap and water. If needed, use a moisture barrier to protect the area from bodily fluids. Ask your provider what type of moisture barrier to use.
- Stage II pressure sores should be cleaned with a salt water (saline) rinse to remove loose, dead tissue. Or, your provider may recommend a specific cleanser.
- Do not use hydrogen peroxide or iodine cleansers unless directed by your provider as they can damage the skin.
- Keep the sore covered with a dressing. This protects against infection and helps keep the sore moist so it can heal.
- Talk with your provider about what type of dressing to use. Depending on the size and stage of the sore, you may use a film, gauze, gel, foam, or other type of dressing.
- Most stage III and IV sores will be treated by your provider. Ask about any special instructions for home care.
Avoid further injury or friction.
- Powder your sheets lightly so your skin doesn’t rub on them in bed.
- Avoid slipping or sliding as you move positions. Try to avoid positions that put pressure on your sore.
- Care for healthy skin by keeping it clean and moisturized.
- Check your skin for pressure sores every day. Ask your caregiver or someone you trust to check areas you can’t see.
- If the pressure sore changes or a new one forms, tell your provider.
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Take care of your health.
- Eat healthy foods. Getting the right nutrition will help you heal.
- Lose excess weight.
- Get plenty of sleep.
- Ask your provider if it’s OK to do gentle stretches or light exercises. This can help improve circulation.
Do not massage the skin near or on the ulcer. This can cause more damage. Do not use donut-shaped or ring-shaped cushions. They reduce blood flow to the area, which may cause sores.
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