Now that you know the number of particles in one mole, and how to calculate the number of grams in one mol of that substance, you can convert from atoms to grams.
Say you have 3×1024 atoms of chlorine. How many grams of chlorine is that?
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First, you need to begin by converting from atoms to mols.
(3times 10^{24}enspace atomsenspace chlorineBiggl(dfrac{1enspace molenspace chlorine}{6.022times10^{23}enspace atomsenspace chlorine}Biggr)=4.98enspace molenspace chlorine)
Now that you know how many mol of chlorine 3×1024 atoms is equal to, you can use the molar mass to convert from mol to grams.
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(4.98enspace molenspace chlorineBiggl(dfrac{35.45genspace chlorine}{1enspace molenspace chlorine}Biggr)=176.6genspace chlorine)
This means that if you have 3×1024 atoms of chlorine, it is the same as having 176.6 grams of chlorine.
What about if you know how many atoms you have of an element, but the actual compound you’re talking about isn’t just that element? For example, let’s say you know you have 5.55×1023 atoms of oxygen, but the compound you want to find the mass of is CO2. How would you do that?
You know that there are two oxygen atoms per CO2 molecules. This means that for each oxygen atom you have, there is an entire CO2 molecule. You can now use this conversion factor to get to the mass of CO2.
Take a look:
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The only difference between what was done before and this problem is the first step. You will need to figure out how many molecules of CO2 there are:
(5.98times 10^{23}enspace atomsenspace oxygenBiggl(dfrac{1moleculeenspace CO_2}{2enspace atomsenspace oxygen}Biggr)=2.99times 10^{23}enspace moleculesenspace CO_2)
Now you can do exactly what you did before!
(2.99times 10^{23}enspace moleculesenspace CO_2 Biggl(dfrac{1enspace molenspace CO_2}{6.022times10^{23}enspace moleculesenspace CO_2}Biggr)Biggl(dfrac{44.01genspace CO_2}{1enspace molenspace CO_2}Biggr)=21.9genspace CO_2)
Knowing only the number of atoms of oxygen, you can find the grams of CO2.
When converting from atoms to grams always make sure to keep track of your units!
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