What is a rib fracture?
A rib fracture is the medical term for a broken rib. Rib fractures are usually caused by car accidents, sports injuries or other traumas. It’s possible to break a rib without experiencing trauma, too.
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It’s rare to need surgery to repair a rib fracture, unless the injury that broke your rib damaged your internal organs. Unlike most other types of bone fractures, you probably won’t need treatment other than rest, ice and breathing exercises. Most people need at least a month to recover from a rib fracture.
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Even if you can recover with at-home treatments, rib fractures can have life-threatening complications. See a healthcare provider or go to the emergency room if you’re experiencing symptoms like pain and tenderness around your ribs and chest, or if you have trouble breathing.
Types of rib fractures
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A healthcare provider will classify your rib fracture based on the type of break you experienced. There are lots of different break patterns, but some of the most common include:
- Stress fracture.
- Avulsion fracture.
- Comminuted fracture.
- Floating fracture.
Displaced rib fractures vs non-displaced rib fractures
Displaced or non-displaced are words your provider will use to describe your fracture. A displaced fracture means the pieces of your bone moved so much that a gap formed around the fracture when your bone broke. Non-displaced fractures are still broken bones, but the pieces weren’t moved far enough to be out of alignment during the break. Displaced fractures are much more likely to require surgery to repair.
Who gets rib fractures?
Rib fractures — like all bone fractures — can affect anyone. This is especially true because they’re usually caused by car accidents and other traumas. People with osteoporosis (weakened bones) have an increased risk for all types of broken bones, including rib fractures. Athletes who play contact sports are more likely to break a rib than most people.
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If you’re at risk for falls, you might be more likely to experience a rib fracture.
Children break ribs less often than adults because their bones are much more flexible than adults’.
How common are rib fractures?
Your ribs are some of the strongest bones in your body, so it’s rare to fracture a rib without experiencing a major trauma like a car accident or fall. Around 30% of people who experience a trauma to their chest break at least one rib.
Fractures caused without a traumatic injury are rare.
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