Most of us have thought it before: Why is my period late? Late periods are the worst! Having to constantly worry about when it will come, and if your bedsheets and underwear will get stained, is a huge bummer. More than that, for some sexually active people, having a late period can be one of life’s most stressful experiences. Unprotected sex before a late period can mean it’s time to take a pregnancy test. Even if you had protected sex, but your period is late—cue suspenseful music. But if you’re not sexually active, and you’re sure you aren’t pregnant, there are still plenty of reasons for a delayed period.
“Many [people], especially young women, have irregular periods. After getting your first period, it can take a few years for them to become regular,” explains Vanessa Cullins, MD, MPH, vice president of external medical affairs at Planned Parenthood.
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“In teens, missed periods can happen for lots of reasons,” Dr. Cullins says, “including illness, travel, worry, or stress, marathon running, extensive ballet, gymnastics, track and field, or other strenuous activities or sports.”
Before we jump into some of the reasons you may be missing your period, let’s answer two big questions:
Can sex delay your period?
According to the experts over at Planned Parenthood, the only time sex will make your period late is if you’re pregnant.
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If your period is late, and you’ve ruled out pregnancy, here’s more on what causes a late period.
Stress
Stress is a powerful emotion. Here’s the science: When you’re stressed out, your body releases more of the hormone cortisol. When this happens over a long period of time, it can mess with how your brain sends signals to your pituitary glands to trigger menstruation, according to the Cleveland Clinic. As a very real example of this, a recent study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology titled “Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-Related Stress and Menstrual Changes” dug into the impact of how pandemic-related stress impacted menstrual cycles. Researchers found that those who reported high levels of pandemic-related stress experienced greater changes to their menstrual cycle.
“Stress or worry, illness, changes in weight or nutrition, or strenuous exercise can all affect your menstrual cycle,” Dr. Cullins says. “If you’re worried about a missed period, you can get a pregnancy test from your local pharmacy, drugstore, grocery store, or contact your health care provider, who can give you a pregnancy test and help figure out what might be going on with your period.”
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