What are normal ranges for a fetal biometry?
Typical ranges for fetal biometry vary and many factors go into determining what’s “normal.” Each parameter has an average measurement at different gestational ages. Further, each pregnancy is different and your provider will take other factors into account when they assess your results.
In centimeters (cm), the median (average) ranges for fetal biometry measurements at around 20 weeks gestation are:
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- Head circumference (HC): 17.5cm.
- Abdominal circumference (AC): 14.9cm.
- Biparietal diameter (BPD): 4.9cm.
- Femur length (FL): 3.2cm.
Since the likelihood of getting a result that’s exactly the median is rare, you’ll also get percentile values. A percentile is a way to compare people with similar characteristics. In this case, healthcare providers use percentiles to show the general size range of fetuses of the same gestational age.
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For example, your results may show the fetus is in the 75th percentile for its abdominal circumference. While it’s higher than average, it’s not necessarily a cause for worry. Most healthcare providers aren’t concerned unless a fetus measures less than the 10th percentile or higher than the 90th percentile.
Since test results are so unique, it’s always best to talk to your provider about your test results and what they mean for you. And, since many factors play a role, it’s very hard to make general statements about what’s normal.
What does an abnormal result mean?
If the results of your ultrasound are irregular, your pregnancy care provider will recommend additional ultrasounds. This helps them monitor the fetus’s growth over time to see if anything changes. Looking at trends in your results or how your results change over time is the best way to confirm fetal biometry. Additionally, they may look at the results of your blood work or urinalysis (a test that uses a sample of your pee) to see if these provide any insights as to why the fetus’s measurements were irregular.
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A fetus measuring smaller than average may indicate FGR (fetal growth restriction) or problems with the placenta. A fetus that measures larger than average may point to the birth parent having gestational diabetes.
Try not to worry. It’s common for a fetus to measure small or large. In most cases, the fetus is born healthy and at a size and weight in a normal range. Irregular test results on a single ultrasound aren’t a reason to panic. Your pregnancy care provider will let you know about additional monitoring and what comes next.
A note from Cleveland Clinic
Fetal biometry is measurements your provider takes during an ultrasound to assess the growth of a fetus. You’ll likely never hear the term fetal biometry during your pregnancy, but you may see it on your ultrasound report. It’s a routine measurement that shouldn’t cause worry, but the results could mean the fetus is measuring smaller or larger than normal for its age. Discuss any questions you have about ultrasounds or other tests with your pregnancy care provider. They’re there to help you and answer your questions.
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